Avchitgad

The southern part of Konkan is adorned by natural beauty. The city of Roha is situated on the banks of Kundalika River. Avchitgad is situated in the mountain ranges around Roha. This region is beautiful, and the fort is one of the rich forts of Maharashtra. Dense woods along the mountain have made it bit difficult to ascend the top.
Fact File
Location: Roha, Raigad
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 185 km
Pune - 130 km
Villages at Foothills: Pengalsai, Medha, Padam
Altitude: 977' (297 m)
Latitude: 18°28'32"N
Longitude: 73°7'5"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='18.475620'lon='73.118230'}
top
Attractions The main entrance to the fort is still in better condition. The bastion on the way from Medhe was much better for keeping a watch on the surrounding region. As we proceed further from the main entrance, we come across the remnants of old constructions on a neighboring hillock. Near the second entrance there is a lake. The water is potable here. Near to it is a statue of Lord Khandoba. The fort is not too wide, but stretches in length. It takes about two hours to
see the fort. The forest around the fort is dense and the fauna comprises wild hogs, leopards, foxes, monkeys, etc. It is a best monsoon trek. rom the top of Avchitgad we can have a glimpse of Telbaila, Sudhagad, Sarasgad, Dhangad, Raigad, Korigad and Savashna Ghat.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Mumbai is the nearest airport well connected by flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Roha on the Kokan railway route is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
Pengalsai, Medha and Padam are the villages at foot hills and can be accessed by regular bus service from Roha.
topTrek Routes
- Pengalsai Route (Grade : Easy) -
Pengalsai is situated at about 5 km from Roha. It is the base village. From here it takes one hour to reach the top.
- Medha Route (Grade : Easy) -
The village of Medha is 7.5 km before Roha on Mumbai-Roha highway. The way to the fort goes along the temple of Lord Vitthal. We have to ascend through thick woods and reach the front bastion after one hour.
- Padam Route (Grade : Easy) -
There is an old factory in the village of Padam. Beyond this factory is the way to the fort, which takes us to the southern entrance within two hours.
top Accommodation
No shelter available on fort. Hence advisible to carry tents for camping or find accommodation at Roha.

Asheri

Of all the small forts scattered around the Palghar region, Asheri can be termed
as the Elder Brother" due to its massiveness and height. As it covers a huge area the fort looks impressively strong.
Fact File
Location: Palghar, Thane
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 95 km
Pune - 255 km
Villages at Foothills: Khodkona
Altitude:1680' (512 m)
Latitude: Longitude:
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='19.612847'lon='73.178301'}
topHistory History mentions that Bhojraj, a descendant of the Shilahar Dynasty built this fort. Hence it can be assumed that this fort is at least 800 years old. The Portuguese rebuilt this fort after they captured it during their rule. In 1737, Peshwa won this fort during his campaign of the Konkan and in 1818 this fort came under the British rule.
topAttractions
On the plains and on the right of the path one can see quite many remnants of settlements. One can also see quite many foundations with gutters cut in them. These could be to collect the rainwater during the rainy season or to lead away the overflow. The cave on the top is of medium size and having a large cave opening. But it has been carved into the rocks in such a way that the stray wind or the cold does not enter in. The back portion of the cave is very uneven.
However, there are platforms made both outside and inside for the guards to take rest. The two hibiscus bushes outside the cave entrance point to the fact that rituals might have been conducted regularly by the villagers somewhere in the past. On left side of the top portion of the cave, there is a built in square water tank. There is a half buried cannon in this tank. There are two more half completed tanks here. From the top plateau, one can see the fort of Kohoj to the South West. One can also see the natural human form on the fort with the help of binoculars. Going ahead on the path one can see a huge depression the rock face and a bastion.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Mumbai is the nearest airport well connected by flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Palghar is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
Regular ST buses ply from Palghar to Khodkona which is the base village.
topTrek Routes
Khodkona Route (Grade : Medium) - 2 hrs
There is only one route going to the top of the fort. One has to get down at Khodkona village bus stop. This village is reachable either by the S.T. from Palghar to Kasa or by private vehicles plying this highway. This village is situated around 10-11 kms ahead of Mastan Naka". The actual village is situated a bit inside from the main road. There is a bullock cart route to the left of the highway, which leads to the village. On the highway, if one stands with his back to
Palghar, one can see Adsul to the right and the vast expanse of Asher to the left. The bullock cart route enters the village via a small bridge. Here, the small beautiful temple of Vagdev can be seen. On entering the village we see the vast expanse of fields, cultivation of mango trees and houses peeking from the greenery, which drives away the tiredness of the journey . After quenching the thirst and filling bottles with the cool well water, one should proceed ahead towards the fort, on the route shown by the villagers. As the route goes through dense jungle, one does not feel the heat even in the summer. It takes approximately 1 to 1 hours to reach the pass. The route up to the pass is easy but continuously climbing. There is a temple of Vagdev a bit ahead of this pass on a higher level. One should turn to right and proceed towards the top of the fort. We reach the base of the entrance as we go around a huge rock face in the route. Here one can find a small sculpture of Ganesh on the rock face. The entrance has been destroyed by explosives. Here, care must be taken while climbing up. As the climb is quite zigzag and steep, it is advisable to take help from someone Expert in climbing. If possible, climb without any sacks on your back. After exhausting enthusiasm to climb, we reach a flight of steps cut into the rock face to the right. There are quite many water tanks on the way, but are not potable. From this
water tank, we can reach the middle of the fort making way through the shoulder length bushes growing here. To the left, below the route are 5 water tanks excavated into the rocky ground. Of these one tank has potable water. Walking ahead, after 5 minutes, another path bifurcates to the left. Going down this route, we come across three more water tanks. The water in these tanks is very clear, sweet and thirst quenching. There is also a cave on the rock face nearby on right hand side.
topAccommodation
With proper camping gear one can lodge at the temple and the plinth built outside. 10-15 people can camp here.

Arnala

The fort of Arnala overlooks the confluence of River Vaitarna and the Arabian Sea. Adroitly bulit on the Arnala island; the fort walls offers breathtaking views of the sea.
Fact File
Location: North West of Mumbai, on Arnala Island
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 80 km
Pune -240 km
Villages at Foothills: Arnala, Virar
Altitude: Sea Level
Latitude: 19°27'57"N
Longitude: 72°43'56"E
Best time to visit: September to April {mosmap lat='19.466097'lon='72.732464'}
topHistory Sultan Mahmood Begda of Gujarat built the sea fort of Arnala in 1516. In 1530 Portuguese won this fort and built new structures on it. Portuguese ruled over the fort for more than 200 years. Later the Marathas conquered it. Bajirao-I reconstructed fort like the Portuguese. In 1817, like all the other forts, British captured this fort too.
topAttractions The fort is approximately rectangular in shape and is being protected by continuous and strong ramparts having a height of about 10 meters. The bastions are in good condition even today. There are three entrances to the fort out of which the main entrance is on the north side. Two lofty bastions guard the mighty entrance. Sharabha shilpa is carved at the entrance. A lithograph at the door indicates that Bajirao Peshwa reconstructed the fort. The fort houses temples of Tryambakeshwar, and Bhavani Mata. In front of Tryambakeshwar Mahadev, temple is a skillfully crafted octagonal cistern. Wells of portable water are in the fort. Near the entrance of the fort, that is the northern phase of the island is a temple of Kalikamata,
From the fort walls a bastion is seen far off from the fortification. It was supposedly used as a watch tower. It offers a magnificent view of the surroundings.
topReaching there
- By Air -
The nearest Airport is Mumbai ( km away). Mumbai is well connected by international and domestic flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Virar is the nearest railway station (barely 10 km away) from Arnala
- By Road -
Arnala fort is just 10 km off the Virar railway station on the Western Railway route. Regular buses and six-seater
autorickshaws ply between Virar and Arnala shore. The village on the Arnala island can be reached only after a boat rite. The fishermen boats are available between 6 am and 12:30 pm in the morning and between 4 pm and 7 pm in the evening. It is barely a 10 minute ride to the island.
topBus Timings
The ST bus plies between Virar and Arnala every half an hour.
topAccommodation
No accommodation in the fort. One will have to find accommodation in various hotels available at Virar

Alang

Alang, Madan and Kulang, the forts situated in Kalasubai range, are the most difficult forts in Nasik District. Dense forest and less population have made these treks difficult. These three forts are little neglected due to very heavy rain and difficult as well as confusing ways to go.
Fact File
Location: North west of Nasik
Villages at Foothills: Ambewadi
Altitude:4852' (1479 m)
Latitude: 19°34'50"N
Longitude: 73°39'38"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during winter {mosmap lat='19.578553'lon='73.662815'zoom=7}
topAttractions Top of the fort is huge plateau. There are two caves on the fort for staying and 11 water cisterns. Remnants of buildings are spread over the fort. A small temple is also seen. From the fort we can locate Kalasubai, Aundh Fort, Patta, Bitangad situated at east zone. At north side Harihar, Trymbakgad, Anjaneri are seen. To the south we can locate Harishchandragad, Aajobagad, Khutta (pinnacle), Ratangad, Katrabai and surroundings. 4 hours are
enough to see the fort.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Nasik is the nearest Airport. But it has only one flight from Mumbai. Thus it is suggested to fly to Mumbai or Pune and drive down.
- By Rail -
Nasik Road is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Nasik one needs to reach Satana or Taharabad. Only 2 buses ply to the foothills of the for, and hence one needs to plan the trek well.
topTrek Routes
- Ambewadi village Route (Grade : Tough) - 6 - 8 hrs To reach Alang, one should go to Kasara or Igatpuri and then
Ambevadi by the Igatpuri/Kasara-Ghoti-Pimpalnermor route. Bus facility from Ghoti to mbevadi is also available.
Ambevadi is 32 km away from Ghoti. A bus is available at 6 a.m. from Ghoti to Ambevadi. We can easily see Alang, Madan and Kulang from here. From Ambevadi, a way goes to the ridge between Alang and Madan. However this way is quite hectic. Approximately 3 hours are required to reach near the ridge. From the ridge, the fort seen on left is Alang and the one on the right is Madan.
From here two ways go towards Alang.
a) One way descends from the ridge. Within 1 hour we reach at the plateau. Keep Alang at left hand and after 1-hour walk, we reach a cavern. From here we can move further by rock climbing. Then we reach at a flat patch. Keep left and proceed towards the pinnacle. After 10-15 minutes we come at a cave in the fort.
b) Proceed from the ridge and after easy rock climbing we come near few steps. After ascending these steps we have to climb a broken pinnacle of 80-90 ft. Only trained climbers can go by this way. By this way we reach at the fort after 6 hours.
- Ghatghar via Ghoti-Bhandardara - 2 hrs
Another way towards fort is from Ghatghar. Go at Ghatghar via Ghoti-Bhandardara. From here, in 2 hours, one can cometo the third cavern.
- Via Bhandardara from Udadvade - 3 hrs
Other way towards fort is via Bhandardara from Udadvade gaon. It takes us at the plateau and then connects to Ghatghar route.
topAccommodation
Two caves on the fort can accommodate 30-40 people.

Ajoba

Ajoba is a prominent peak near Ratangad. One can get a beautiful view of the Katrabai cliffs from the top of Ajoba.
Fact File
Location: Shahapur, Thane
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 130 km
Pune - 160 km
Villages at Foothills: Dehene, Dolkhamb
Altitude: 4511' (1374 m)
Latitude: 19°27'52"N
Longitude: 73°40'58"E
Best time to visit: September to January {mosmap lat='19.464569'lon='73.682814'zoom=5}
topAttractions Near the Ashram, there is a small hut where we can stay. A small water stream provides us with pure water. The way beyond Ashram leads to a rivulet, crossing which we can reach the cave of LUV-KUSH. To reach this spot we have to ascend the way of waterfall for one and half hour. Above this cave there is a precipice called 'Cradle of Sitamai'. In the cave there are the carved Padukas" or the footprints of Luv and Kush. This precipice is a real challenge
for trekkers. The ashram is a sacred place and people from all over Maharashtra come here. There are some carved stones near the ashram, on which some carved idols depict some story.
From this place, we can visit Ratangad. For a 5-day cross-country trek, the trio of Ratangad - Harishchandragad-Ajoba can be planned.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Mumbai is the nearest airport well connected by flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Asangaon is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
Regular ST buses ply from Asangaon to Dolkhamb.
topTrek Routes
- Asangaon Route (Grade : Easy) - 1 hr
One should board the train to Kasara and alight at Asangaon station. From Asangaon, board the S.T bus to Shahapur and from there we can reach the village of Dehne by bus or jeep. From Dehne, a sole pathway leads to a small plateau, from which 3 ways branch:
a) One way is treaded by bullock carts and goes to the plateau where the ashram is situated.
b) The second goes through`Katrabai,s`valley and joins`Kumshet, village
c) Third way goes through the forest.
- Dolkhamb Route (Grade : Easy) - 1 hr
Kalyan-Murbad-Malshej-Dolkhamb is another route
- Kumshet Route (Grade : Easy) - 1.5 hrs
To reach the top of the fort one should follow the route of Kasara-Ghoti-Rajur-Kumshet.
topBus Timings
Shahapur - Dolkhamb : 0700, 0830, 1130, 1330, 1630,1845,2000
Dolkhamb - Shahapur : 0600, 0930, 1400, 1730, 1915
topAccommodationNear to the ashram, there is a hut where about 20 people can stay. Care should be taken from snakes and scorpions. Generally people prefer this place as one-day trek, especially in rainy season. A beautiful waterfall is formed in monsoon.

Ajinkyatara

Ajinkyatara, also known as Fort of Satara; is perceptible from anywhere in Satara city. It is built on a mountain, which belongs to the Bamnoli range that starts from Pratapgad. The geographical significance of all these forts is that, it is impossible to travel directly from one fort to another. All the forts in this region are comparatively less heightened.
Fact File
Location: South west of Pune
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 277 km
Pune - 117 km
Satara - 7 km
Villages at Foothills: Satara
Altitude: ft ( m)
Latitude: 17°40'17"N
Longitude: 73°59'44"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon
View Road Map
{mosmap lat='17.671502'lon='73.996010'}
topHistory Ajinkyatara was the fourth capital of Marathas; the first being Rajgad, followed by Raigad and then the fort of Jinji. Shilahar King Bhoj-II constructed it in the year 1190. This fort was initially surmounted by Bahamani King and then by Adilshah of Bijapur. In the year 1580, the queen of Adilshah-I, Chandbibi was imprisoned here. Bajaji Nimbalkar is also said to be locked up at the same place. During the expansion of Swarajya, Shivaji Maharaj ruled over this fort from
July 27, 1673. Raje is said to have stayed on this fort for two months due to ill health. After unfortunate death of Shivaji
Maharaj, Aurangjeb invaded Maharashtra in 1682. In 1699 he beleaguered the fort. Prayagji Prabhu was the chief of the
fort then. On April 13, 1700, the Mughals dug trenches and used explosives to blow the bastion of Mangalai devi. They succeeded as the ramparts were destroyed and some Marathas were killed. Fortunately Prayagji Prabhu escaped with minor injuries. At that moment there was another explosion and the broken ramparts fell on the Mughals. The war progressed and Subhanji took the fort on April 21, 1700. It took four and half months for the Mughals to win the fort. It was renamed as Azamtara. Tararani’s army again won this fort and named it Ajinkyatara. Mughals took back the fort again. In 1708 Shahu took the fort by treachery and declared himself as the ruler. In 1719, mother of Maharaj Shahu, Matoshri Yesubai, was brought here. Later the fort was inherited by Peshwas. After death of Shahu-II, the British captured the fort on February 11, 1818. topAttractions There are two entrances on Satara side of fort. One entrance is in good condition. Both bastions still exist. At the right side of the entrance there is Hanuman temple. This is the best place to stay for. Water is not available on the fort. On the way towards left side we see Mahadev temple. Opposite to it there is office of Prasarbharati and two towers. After moving further, we see a board reading way towards Mangaladevi temple, on the left side. Here we find the palace of`Tara Rani, and one big storeroom. At the end of this road there is Mangaladevi temple. Opposite to it is the Mangaladevi bastion. Many sculptures are found around the temple. There are two entrances at the North. The way to these entrances is from Satara-Karad road. Near the entrances there are three lakes. After seeing the fort we can come down by same way. From fort we can see plateau of Yavateshwar, forts of Chandan-Vandan, Kalyangad, Jaranda and Sajjangad. It takes one and the half hours to see the fort.
topReaching there
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest airport 117 km away
- By Rail -
Satara road is the nearest rail head 20 km away
- By Road -
The fort is in the city itslelf. Regular buses available from Pune and Mumbai to reach Satara.
topTrek Routes As the fort is situated in the city itself, there are many ways to reach the Fort. We can take a bus from Satara station, which goes via Adaalat Wada, and alight at Adaalat Wada. Satara to Rajwada bus service is also available. Every 10 minutes a bus plies from Satara to Rajwada. The distance between the Adaalat Wada and Rajwada is of 10 minutes. From Adaalat Wada, a proper way leads us to the main entrance. Good tar road has also been built. All
the ways towards the fort take approximately one hour to reach.
topBus Timings
Pune - Satara - Every 1 hour
topAccommodation
With the right camping gear one can lodge at the Hanuman Temple which can house 15 people.

Achla

Achala is a tiny peak which marks the beginning of the Satmala sub-range of the Sahyadri. It lies to the North of Nasik and very close to the famous Saptashrungi shrine of Vani.
Fact File
Location: North of Nasik
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 270 km
Pune - 270 km
Nasik - 60 km
Villages at Foothills: Pimpri-Achla,

Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: 20°25'6"N
Longitude: 73°50'4"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the early monsoon (June) and post monsoon (Sept - Dec) {mosmap
lat='20.418808'lon='73.834133'zoom=6}
topHistory
Not much known about the history of this fort as no battle was fought here. It probably has been used as a watch tower.
topAttractions
- Temple : A small temple on the way atop, with a small idol of unknown God.
- Rock cut steps : Steps hewn out of rock to reach the top of the fort.
- Pond : Only source of portable water upto February. It is dry in the summer.
- Panoramic View : The fort offers good view of the surrounding peaks. Ahivant, Saptashrungi, Markanda, etc. are prominantly visible.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Nasik is the nearest Airport. But it has only one flight from Mumbai. Thus it is suggested to fly to Mumbai or Pune and
drive down.
- By Rail -
Nasik Road is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Nasik regular buses ply to Vani. From here Pimpri Achla is 12 km. ST bus takes you here in 30 min.
topTrek Routes
- Pimpri - Achla Route (Grade : Easy) - 1 hr
Alight at Pimpri Achla village and walk in the direction of the col between Achla and Ahivant. It is a half an hour climb up to the col. From here the route to the left leads us to Achla. Follow the route towards the left. It leads to rock cut steps which take you to the top of the fort.
- Bhilwadi Route (Grade : Easy) - 1 hr
Bhilwadi is a village at the foothills of Ahivant fort. If one wishes to visit Ahivant first one can decend to Bhilwadi village and clamber up the well defined pathway leading to the top of the fort.
topBus Timings
Nasik to Vani - Every 1 hour
topAccommodation
Achla is a small fort and can be completed in one day. No accommodation atop the fort. One can lodge at the village if really required.

Worli Fort

The Worli Fort is an ancient British fort in Worli area in Bombay, India. The fort, often mistakenly referred to as being built by the Portuguese, was actually built by the British around 1675. The fort, built on the Worli hill, overlooked the Mahim Bay at a time the city was made up of just seven islands. It was used as a lookout for enemy ships and pirates.
Fact File
Location: Mumbai
Distance from major cities:
Pune - 180 km
Villages at Foothills: Worli
Altitude: Sea Level
Latitude: 19°1'25"N
Longitude: 72°49'0"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year {mosmap lat='19.023752'lon='72.816830'}
topReaching there
- By Air -
The nearest Airport is Mumbai well connected by international and domestic flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Worli is the nearest railhead.
- By Road -
Regular BEST buses available
top
Accommodation
No accommodation in the fort.

Visapur

The forts of Lohgad and Visapur have played an important role in guarding the ancient trade routes and being the savior of Bhaje and Bedse caves. Among them, Lohgad is related to many significant historical events. Much of it is known. Unlike that, much less is known about Visapur. In spite of being a very big fort, protected by a highly impregnable fortification and presence of a large plateau, less is written about it, or much less records could have added to information about it.
Fact File
Location: Lonavala
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 120 km
Pune - 90 km
Lonavala - 10 km
Villages at Foothills: Patan, Bhaje, Lohagadwadi
Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: 18°70'93"N
Longitude: 73°47'65"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='18.719829'lon='73.488321'zoom=6}
topHistory Lohgad and Visapur lay in Nane Maval. This region came under Nizamshahi after dissolution of Bahmani rule. It went into the hands of Mughals in the treaty of Mahuli, between Shahajiraje and Mughals. Seeing that the Mughals were not able to keep a control over the region, Shivaji Maharaj captured almost all the forts here till 1660. However, he lost the fort again to Mughals in the treaty of Purandar in 1665. However Aurangzeb broke the treaty. In
1682, Shahbuddin, a Mughal Sardar invaded the region, and killed 60 Marathas in an anguish. However Marathas escaped to Visapur. They were chased, but moved in time to the village of Kusapur. On March 4, 1818 Colonel Prother captured Visapur, and the next day Lohgad fell into his hands. The mountain of Visapur is significant, as Bhaje caves have been carved out in the same mountain. The destruction caused by Mughals and English is clearly evident from the
injuries on the Bhaje caves. These beautiful caves could have been bombarded by cannon balls, because much of their part has been broken.
topAttractions
The main characteristic of this fort is the strong fortification built on a large plateau, to make it one of the strongest forts. A large plateau of this size is found on many less forts. It is difficult to fire cannons on the fort due to its position. We can see the injuries of destruction caused by Mughals and British on Bhaje caves, but this has not affected Visapur much. The long stretched ramparts fascinate us. On this same plateau we can see a huge stone wheel. It was used for grinding the mixture of lime, jaggery & lead. This mixture was used as cementing material for building purposes. The wheel was driven by bulls, and is the big one of its kind.
Other things that add to the uniqueness of the fort are constructions like the bastion on the western side of the fort. This bastion, unlike others is completely within the main ramparts. Such a construction is rarely seen on other forts. The other remnants include old residential places. There is a fountain on the northwestern side.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest Airport 90 km away.
- By Rail -
Malavali on Pune - Lonavala route is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Pune regular ST buses ply to Lonavala. One needs to alight at Malavali and walk upto the railway station.
topTrek Routes
- From Malavali (Grade : Easy) -
First route is quite confusing and we may need guide to reach the fort from the village itself. When the Bhaje caves come to our sight we leave stairways & go towards right. For walking upto15 to 20 min we come across small huts. From here the way through jungle takes us to the broken stairs. When we start climbing these stairs there is a small temple & two big caves which can accommodate about 40 people. These stairs straightway take us to the fort of Visapur.
- Gaikhind route (Grade : Easy) -
The second route is from just before Lohagadwadi. From here after reaching Gaimukh Khind we go towards left, which takes us to Visapur fort. This way also takes us through jungle and is much better. This must have been the main entrance, as it is in front of the main door to Lohgad. Moreover well-cut steps are seen here.
- Patan route (Grade : Easy) -
The third route is from the base village named Paatangaon on the western side. Here the way is less confusing, and this joins the way on the first route. This was the way towards the trade route, and some cisterns are on this way. Also two caves and carved idol of Lord Hanuman is seen here. This way is very pleasant.
topAccommodation
One can lodge at the newly constructed ShivaTemple atop the fort which is capable of comfortably accommodating only 6 people.

Vasota (Vyaghragad)

Situated in dense forests surrounded by river Koyna is the fort of Vasota, which according to the`Dnyaneshwari, means a resting place. This fort is also known by the name of Vyaghragad.
Fact File
Location: Koyana forest, Satara
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai -300 km
Pune - 160 km
Satara - 40 km
Villages at Foothills: Kusapur, Met Indavali
Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: 17°39'50"N
Longitude: 73°41'49"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the winter {mosmap lat='17.663989'lon='73.697137'zoom=2}
topHistory
We have to go back to the times of Sage Vasishtha to know how exactly old is the fort. It,s believed that a disciple of Vasishtha, a sage by the name Agasti, came to reside on a mountain on the banks of river Koyana. He named the mountain after his mentor. Later the mountain was fortified and converted into a military station. In the course of time, fort Vasishtha was pronounced as 'Vasota' This fort is believed to belong to the Shilahar dynasty era, and probably
named Vasota due to the name Vasantgad given to it during that era. According to ancient scriptures Shivaji took Vasota after his successful raid on Javli region. But it is untrue. Shivaji took Javli and other forts in the Konkan region but Vasota eluded him.
When Shivaji was trapped on Panhalgad he dispatched a battalion from his main army and won Vasota on June 6, 1660. Later in 1679, 26,000 rupees were found on the fort. Among the prisoners caught in 1661 in Rajapur, Faren and Samuel were kept imprisoned on the fort. Later in 1706, Tai Telini brought the fort under her control. The very next year Peshwa Senapati Bapu Gokhale fought with her. After 8-10 months of intense battle, Bapu Nadkarni conquered the fort.
topAttractions There are two entrances to the fort Vasota. The first one lies in a dilapidated state. We enter the fort through the second one. On entering the fort we see a Hanuman temple, now devoid of a roof. Three ways go ahead this temple. The path straight ahead takes us to the remnants of the fort. The one on the left takes us at`Kalkaiche Thane. On the way is a Mahadeo temple which can accommodate 2-3 people. Moving along the path we arrive at Machi. The view of the surrounding region is simply spectacular. The path on the left of the Maruti temple takes us to the joint water cisterns. Water in these cisterns is potable. The way proceeds to a
fascinating cliff named Babukada shaped like the letter 'U', that reminds us of Konkan Kada of Harishchandragad. The mountain seen in front of Babukada is the Old Vasota.
Old Vasota : The mountain that is seen from the Babukada on Vasota is Old Vasota. No way exists now that takes us to this fort. In addition there is an acute shortage of water. Also presence of wild animals in the area keeps the trekkers away from this fort.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest airport 16 km away
- By Rail -
Satara road is the nearest rail head 50 km away
- By Road -
One can reach Bamnoli via Satara; from where boats are available to reach the foothills.
topTrek Routes
- From Bamnoli (Grade : Easy) -
Reach Bamnoli from Satara. Ferrys are available from here to reach the base of the fort i.e. Met Indavali. A well defined pathway takes you atop the fort through thick forests.
topAccommodation
The cave can accommodate around 15 people

Vasai

The coastal line of Maharashtra is divided into North Konkan and Konkan from travelling perspective. Mumbai is the main island in North Konkan and to protect it, many forts were constructed. Out of these forts, the fort of Vasai is the significant one. One who ruled this fort, could rule over the surrounding regions of Mumbai, Thane, and Saashti. The fort witnessed the victory of Marathas under the leadership of Chimajiappa, from 1737 to 1739, against the Portuguese.
Fact File
Location: Vasai, Thane
Villages at Foothills: Vasai
Altitude: Sea Level
Latitude: 19°19'43"N
Longitude: 72°49'4"E
Best time to visit: September to April {mosmap lat='19.328664'lon='72.817796'}
topHistory The fort is comparatively small one. In 1414 Sardar Bhandari Bhendale built this fort. In 1530 Sultan of Gujratcaptured the Fort. In 1534, after knowing significance of this fort, it was conquered and reconstructed by Portuguese, which took ten years. The Fort is decagonal with bastion at each of the corner. The fort is one km length and width too. The ramparts are very strong and about 30 m high and 5 m wide. Some of the bastions are named as Bahri Buruz,
Kalyan Buruz, Phateh Buruj, Kailas Buruj, and Darya Buruj. There is the fortress in the central part. There are entrances to the fort from both seaside and landside. There are secret passages too. Lot of water is available on the fort. It is surrounded by swamp on three sides and sea on one side. There are bridges at Sopar and Gokhrava. Vasai was built with an intention to keep a watch on the region of Saashti. In 1737, the Marathas tried to capture the fort, but failed. Later Bajirao Peshwa chose Chimajiappa for the mission. He planned for it and decided to attack from swamp side of the fort. They broke the rampart on the northern side. The army broke inside roaring 'Har Har Mahadev'. Unfortunately mines burst late and many soldiers died. There was a heavy skirmish. The war started on 2nd May 1739 and took two days. 800 Portuguese lost their lives in the war. The ammunition ended and finally the Portuguese surrendered to Chimajiappa. Women and children of the enemy were allowed to go out safely without any harm.
In 1780 British started making plans to capture the fort. At that time Visaji Krishna Lele was the chief of the fort. Colonel Goddard was appointed as chief of the British army. He decided to attack the fort from both the seaside and landside. Colonel Hartley was to attack from Kalyan and Colonel Goddard from seaside. Goddard was to beleaguer the fort. Care was taken that the enemy would not get the help from Pune side. Nana Phadanavis sent Anandrao Raaste to Gokhrava village, which is 8 km away from Vasai. On 23rd October, army of Chimaji Panse and
Bhavani Shivram started for Vasai via Talegaon and were having gunnery with them. There was shortage of food and treasury on the fort. Goddard was ready with the cannons. On 28th of October he started firing. The Marathas also started firing from the bastions.
The British destroyed Gokhrava and Sopar bridges. On 7th December there was a big explosion on the fort. The war continued till 9th and 10th December. On 10th December, 200 Marathas made an attempt to pass Gokhrava, but it was unsuccessful. Finally on 10th December the British captured the fort. topAttractions It takes 15 minutes from the base village to the fort. Main entrance to the fort is to the right side. After entering we see the steps towards rampart from where we can get the idea of the construction of the fort. The height of the rampart is 30 to 35 feet. Here we can see ten bastions. There names are Nossa Sonora, Doremidea, Rais Mago, St.
Gonsolay, the fourth one being Madre the Diy. We can see secret passages in rampart near the 4th bastion. Fifth bastion is St. John, fom where there on the way to neighbouring harbour. The sixth one is Elephant; seventh one is St. Pedro, eight one St. Paul, ninth one St. Sebastian and tenth one is St. Sebastian Cavle On the way to the citadel we see three churches. When we reach near the Citadel we see a court building on the left side, then a hospital and a town hall with two arches. Next to this there is a jail and a temple of Vajreshwari Devi. We also see a memorial of victory of Chimajiappa over Vasai. Then we return back and go to the Citadel. Here we see
storeroom of ammunition, residence of soldiers and the remnants of the palaces. We also find a lithograph here.

It takes 2 hours to seethe fort completely.
topReaching there
- By Air -
The nearest Airport is Mumbai ( km away). Mumbai is well connected by international and domestic flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Vasai is the nearest railway station (barely 5 km away) from the fort
- By Road -
Arnala fort is just 5 km off the Vasai railway station on the Western Railway route. Regular buses and six-seater autorickshaws ply between Vasai and the fort.
topBus Timings
The ST bus plies between Vasai and fort every half an hour.
topAccommodation
No accommodation in the fort. One will have to find accommodation in various hotels available at Virar

Vairatgad

The fort Vairatgad is situated in the province of Wai, and 8 km away from Wai. It takes one day to see the fort. Travelling has become easy due to regular bus service and private vehicles to the base of the fort.
Fact File
Location: Wai, Satara
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 290 km
Pune - 110 km
Satara - 20 km
Villages at Foothills: Vyajwadi
Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: N
Longitude: E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat=''lon=''zoom=6}
topHistory King Bhoj of the Shilahar dynasty built Vairatgad in the 11th century. During Shivaji,s period the fort was used only as a military station. Shivaji Maharaj conquered the Wai region and included Vairatgad and Pandavgad in his kingdom. The British captured it in 1818.
topAttractions Top of the fort is actually very small. There are remnants of old buildings. The bastion at the entrance is dilapidated. One can see 5-6 cisterns to the left of the main gate, on the lower side of the cliff. There is a small cave to the right. Climbing up 20-25 steps further, we reach the top. To the left there is Hanuman temple. Even outside the temple there is an idol of Hanuman. Plinths can be seen in surrounding area. The rampart is still in a good condition.
One can climb down to the village Mhasava from a gap in the cliff opposite to the main entrance. There is a hillock near it & on a stone there are some indecipherable writings. Further search might reveal some more interesting discoveries. It takes approximately one hour to see the fort..
topReaching There
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest Airport 130 km away.
- By Rail -
Satara Road is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Wai regular ST buses ply to Vyajwadi.
topTrek Routes
- Vyajwadi Route (Grade : Easy) -
One should alight down at Kadegaon bridge, 4 km away on Wai-Satara road. From Kadegaon bridge come to village Vyajvadi. There are two ways to reach to the fort from the village of Vyajvadi. The way frequently used takes more time. The other one goes from the left side. It takes half an hour to reach the fort by the latter way while the first one takes one hour. Both ways meet after some distance, from where it takes only 10 minutes to reach the top of the fort. The last part in this path is quite slippery. To the opposite side of Vyajvadi, there is a village by name`Mhasava,. There is away from here, but very slippery..
topBus Timings
Wai - Vyajwadi : 0945, 1630, 1815 Vyajwadi - Wai : 1035, 1715
topAccommodation
8-10 peope can take shelter at the Hanuman Temple atop the fort.

Tung (Kathingad)

As the name suggests, we may assume that the trek of this fort is very difficult, but it,s very easy. The fort Tung(Kathingad) was built to protect the region of Pavan Maval.
This fort was built with an intention to keep watch on transport from Bor Ghat. From this fort we can easily locate Lohgad, Visapur & Pavan Maval.
Fact File
Location: Lonavala
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 120 km
Pune - 120 km
Lonavala - 30 km
Villages at Foothills: Tungawadi
Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: 18°65'93"N
Longitude: 73°46'40"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='18.659338'lon='73.464031'zoom=6}
topHistory This fort was not as significant as others in the history. In 1657, it became a part of Swarajya with all other forts situated in Maval region. In 1660, Netaji Palkar was appointed to protect this region. In 1665, Jaysingh invaded this region. Dilerkhan and others destroyed the villages around Tung & Tikona, but were unable to conquer these forts. Then, according to Treaty of Purandar (signed on 12th June 1665), Kubadkhan with Halalkhan and others took over fort on 18th June.
topAttractions As the top of the fort is very small, it takes only 1 hour to see it. Way towards the fort goes along the temple of Maruti. From here we can go further by steps. After few minutes we reach at Hanuman Mandir. Next to this is the main entrance to the fort. Through this we can go at the top. At right side we see Ganesh Mandir. Behind the temple, we see water trench. From here we head towards citadel. Here we see temple of Tung Devi. Opposite to it is a cave in
ground. Here two or three people can be accommodated. It is a one-day trek.

topReaching There
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest Airport 140 km away.
- By Rail -
Lonavala on Pune - Mumbai route is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Kamshet regular ST buses ply to Kale colony. Launch facility is available from here. There are buses from Lonavala to reach Tungawadi
topTrek Routes
- From Lonavala (Grade : Easy) -
Get down at Lonavala station. From here board a bus for Bhamburde or Ambavne. Alight at Ghusalkhamb. From here, after walking for 1 and 1/2 hours, we reach Tungvadi. Distance between Ghusalkhamb and Tungvadi is 8 km.
- Via Kamshet-Morve (Grade : Easy) -
One can also board Kamshet-Morve bus from Tikona Peth at 11 a.m. and get down at Tungvadi stop. After 45 minutes we reach Tungvadi.
- Via Tikona Peth (Grade : Easy) -
Many plan to trek of Tung & Tikona together. Trekkers preferably visit Tikona first. From Tikona Peth (village at base of Tikona) one should go towards Kale colony. From Bramhnoli village we can reach Kevre gaon by launch. From here we reach Tungvadi within 20 minutes.
topBus Timings
Kamshet Kale Colany 2.30,16.00,7.00,17.30,7.00,10.00
Lonavala Tungwadi 17.00
topAccommodation
One can lodge at the Hanuman Temple at the foothills which is capable of comfortably accommodating 15 people.

Torna (Prachandagad)

Whenever Maratha history is recalled it is always the fort of Torna that is commemorated for being one of those forts captured by Shivaji Maharaj in his teenage. It has been rightly said by James Douglas "It was Shivaji's first conquest, the nucleus around which all the others clustered, making it virtually the cradle of the Maratha Empire, which shocked the throne of the great Moguls. It has been the scene of many bloody battles. If Sinhagad is Lion's does then Torna is
Eagle's nest." On the fort are found many trees of the type Toran", which may be the reason for the name of the fort. The village at the base of the fort is called Velhe". To the south of Torna is the river of Velvandi & to the north is the Valley of Kanadi River.
Fact File
Location: South West of Pune
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 210 km
Pune - 45 km
Villages at Foothills: Velhe
Altitude: 4604' (1403 m)
Latitude: 18°16'36"N
Longitude: 18°16'36"N
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='18.276669'lon='73.622603'}
topHistory Till now it wasn known that who built the fort. The caves & sculptures here indicate that the fort belongs to the period of SHAIVA PANTH", the followers of Lord Shiva. During 1470 to 1486 A.D., Malik Ahmed, a Bahmani ruler, captured this fort. Later Nizamshah ruled it. In the 1646, Shivaji Maharaj brought this fort under his control and named it PRACHANDAGAD". He was the one who built some new monuments here. After his daring escape from Agra, he came
here & renovated the fort. Moguls took over the fort after Sambhaji Maharaj,s assassination. But Marathas regained control over the fort due to the efforts of Shankaraji Narayan Sachiv. In 1704 A.D., Aurangzeb captured the fort. He named it as Futulgaib or The Divine Victory. However, within 4 years Sarnobat Nagoji Kokate was able to re-establish Maratha control here. In the treaty of Purandar, Torna remained with Shivaji Maharaj. The important thing about the fort is that it is the only fort that Aurangzeb won by fighting a real war.
topAttractions
- Goddess Toranjai Shrine -
It is a small temple where goddesses Somjai & Toranjai are worshipped. Ahead we can see the lakes called Toran & Mhasoba.
- Maal & Safeli bastions -
On the west of Kothi Darwaaja are the bastion Maal, & the latter one is to the south of the former. Near Safeli is a construction called Lakadkhaana, where wood as stored. Here is the way to Kokan Darwaaja & to Budhla machi.
- Budhla machi -
In Marathi "Budhla" means a vessel, & "Budhla" Machi looks like a vessel kept upside down. This diff is a breathtaking spot on the fort. From here, a cheek was kept on the western side of this fort.
- Bini Darwaaja -
This is the main entrance to the fort from Velhe and is situated to the northwest of the fort. The bastion on the left side has collapsed. The path ahead leads to Kothi Darwaaja.
- Kothi Darwaaja -
Ascending the steps carved in the rock, we enter the Kothi Darwaaja facing east. Here we come across some guardrooms. Way along the wall towards east takes us to the temple of goddess Toranjai.
- Hanuman bastion -
This bastion is situated east of Kothi Darwaaja. Here we can see idol of Hanuman facing south & a flag post. Way ahead leads to the bastion Bhel. To proceed ahead a guide is required, the way being a bit difficult. Further eastwards we come to Zunjar machi.
- Konkan Darwaaja -
Kokan Darwaaja still exhibits the constructional features that prevailed during 17th century. Here the fortification is the better condition. It lies on the way to Budhla Machi.
- Zunjar machi -
It is situated on the western side & a wonderful spot to see. However, in the recent period, way here has been destroyed, & hence it cannot be reached easily.
- Temple of goddess Mengai -
This is the only place on the fort where one can stay. It has two doors & the roof is still in the need of repairs. Here the group "Pune Ventures" has put a map of Torna. In front of the temple is a Deepmala (a structure that supports oil lamps & is always found in every temple of Lord Shiva).
topReaching There
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest Airport 40 km away.
- By Rail -
Pune is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Pune regular ST buses ply to Velhe the base village.
topTrek Routes
- From Velhe (Grade : Easy) - 2 hours
Starting from Pune, preferably early in the morning is the best option. From Swargate Bus stand in Pune board any bus to the village of Velhe. The way to Torna starts from here and is quite straight. A walk of couple of hours leads to the "Bini Darwaaja", the main entrance to the fort.
- From Rajgad (Grade : Medium) - 6 hours
The route starts from "Male Darwaaja" of Rajgad, descending along the left side of "Sanjeevni Machi" and proceeds through a few houses. It continues through the woods and is about 5-6 hours walk. The road ends in front of " Budhla Machi". Here one has to climb a small rock patch. A walk of 15-20 minutes eastwards leads to the temple of "Mengai Devi".
topBus TimingsSwargate - Velha : 0730, 0900, 1145, 1230, 1330, 1900 Velha - Swargate : 0645, 0715, 1200, 1415,
1600
topAccommodation
With the right gear one can lodge at the Mengai Devi Shrine, which can comfortably accommodate 25 people. If you are
here in winter ensure you are carrying enough warm clothes and thick blanket.

Tikona

Tikona (also known as Vitandgad) is the dominant hill fort in Maval in western India. It is located near Kamshet around 60 kms from Pune The village nearest the fort is called Tikona-Peth. The 3500 ft high hill is pyramidal in shape and the name Tikona means "triangle"
Fact File
Location: Lonavala
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 120 km
Pune - 80 km
Lonavala - 20 km
Villages at Foothills: Tikona Peth
Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: 18°60'52"N
Longitude: 73°55'02"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='18.605252'lon='73.550291'zoom=6}
topHistory Not much is known about the history of this fort. Malik Ahmed Nizamshah of the Nizam dynasty conquered it in 1585 and thus it was made part of the Nizam territory. In 1657 king Shivaji conquered Tikona along with the forts of Mahuli, Lohgad, Visapur, Songad, Tala and Karnala. Thus, all areas of Konkan, which earlier belonged to the Nizam's territory, came under king Shivaji,s control. This fort was strategically very important to keep a watch on the entire region of Pauna Mawal. In 1660, Netaji Palkar was assigned the task of ensuring security of fort Tikona. This fort was surrendered to the Mughal warrior Kubadkhan, who had attacked the region together with Halalkhan and others. However, the Marathas later recaptured the fort.
In 1682, king Sambhaji met with Aurangzeb's son Akbar. After this meeting, Akbar was offered to stay at fort Tikona, however was sent later to Jaitapur since the climate here didn't suit him. A small battle was fought with the British on
Tikona in year 1818 and the fort was damaged to a great extent. Till date the fort of Tikona lies in the form of ruins.
topAttractions
The whole fort can be seen in an hour's time, as the area is not so wide. Turn left after passing the entrance. In a short while a cistern and cave can be seen. About 10 to 15 persons can be accommodated in this cave. However, it is not suitable for a stay during monsoon. The path going uphill adjacent to the cave takes us to the entrance to the bastion. The steps in this stretch are a bit tiring. One can see cisterns on the right and fortification on the left after passing through
the entrance.
After taking a few steps straight ahead, a trail climbs down on our right. Here too are a few cisterns. Return back and join the main path, which takes us to a stretch of broken steps. A climb uphill brings us to a Mahadev temple, behind which is a big moat. Circumventing this moat takes us to the flag-post. From the bastion one can have a view of adjacent fort Tung, Lohgad, Visapur, Bhatrashi hill, Morse hill, Jambhuli hill, Pauna region and Fagne dam. Thus, the whole of
Mawal region is visible from fort Tikona.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Pune is the nearest Airport 80 km away.
- By Rail -
Kamshet on Pune - Lonavala route is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
From Kamshet regular ST buses ply to Tikona Peth via Kale colony.
topTrek Routes
- Tikona Peth Route (Grade : Easy) -
The main route to the fort is from the village of Tikona Peth. To reach this village, alight at Kamshet, which is two stops ahead of Lonavala on the Mumbai- Pune rail route. From Kamshet railway station, take a bus / shared private vehicle
(jeep) to Kale colony. One can also get a vehicle to reach Tikona Peth from Kale colony. A bus at 08:30 a.m. at Kamshet bound for Paund or Morsay is convenient for reaching Tikona Peth. From Tikona Peth the fort can be reached in about 45 minutes. This straight route is quite simple and not at all tiring. After passing through the entrance door, a path leads
towards left and takes us to the citadel in about 20 minutes.
- Kevre-Bramhnoli-Tikona Route (Grade : Easy) -
A combined trek of Tung and Tikona can also be done. For that, climb down to Tungawadi after visiting fort Tung. From here reach the village of Bramhnoli with a launch available from the village of Kevre. It takes about 30 minutes to walk from Bramhnoli to Tikona Peth.
topBus Timings
Kamshet Kale Colany 2.30,16.00,7.00,17.30,7.00,10.00
topAccommodation
Except monsoon, about 10 to 15 persons can be lodge themselves in the cave with the right camping gear.

Sumargad

This fort is not, as the Marathi name suggests, very simple to trek. G. N. Dandekar, one of the greatest historians, writes about the fort, We have to climb the cliff on eastern face of the fort by catch-holding one tree."The fort lies in between the forts, Rasalgad and Mahipatgad. This fort is covered by dense forest and also has a difficult route to climb. This may be the possible reason that the fort has lost its familiarity among the trekkers
Fact File
Location: Ratnagiri
Villages at Foothills: Dahivali, Wadi Beldar
Altitude:2801'(1317 m)
Latitude: 17°48'31"N
Longitude: 73°30'41"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the winter (Sept - Dec){mosmap lat='17.808795'lon='73.511410'}
top
Attractions On reaching the fort-top, we come across two cisterns. A cave has been carved inside these cisterns. There is a`Shivalinga, and an idol of a goddess in this cave. Heading further to the right of these cisterns, we come across a cistern supported on only one column. From here, one straight way climbs up the hill, while the other stretches around the hill. While traversing around the hill, a cave is seen, which has now been clogged by rocks and soil. There are two
rooms inside this cave.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Mumbai is the nearest airport
- By Rail -
Chiplun is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
Regular bus service availabe from Khed.
topTrek Routes
- Mahipatgad Route (Grade : Easy) -
One has to descend from opposite side of Wadi Beldar from Mahipatgad. We come across a settlement of shepherds on this way. After crossing a stream on our way we have to climb up a hillock. Within half an hour we reach in the col. The way on the left leads us in the direction of the fort. Proceeding through this path we come near a precipice. From here the way ahead to the top is slightly difficult. Use of rope is preferable for safety reasons. About 2 hours are required to
Sumargad via Mahipatgad.
- Rasalgad Route (Grade : Medium) -
A foot-track from Rasalwadi, via a settlement of shepherds on a hillock, leads up to the col. Here we cannot miss to visit Raya,s (a helpful shepherd) hut. Moving further from here we come across a stream and a water pond which is suitable for drinking. Further moving through the`Karvi, bushes we reach up to a rock which can be climbed up with the use of
rope up to the fort-top. Otherwise a straight route leads us to the col from where fort-top can be reached. About 4 hours are required to reach Sumargad from Rasalgad.


No shelter available atop the fort. Hence it is advisible to carry tents, else find accommodation at Mahipatwadi.

Sion

The Sion Hillock Fort is a fort in Mumbai (Bombay), India. It was built by the British Governor of Bombay Gerard Aungier atop a conical hillock. The hillock is situated a few metres from the Sion railway station.
Fact File
Location: Mumbai
Distance from major cities:
Pune - 150 km
Villages at Foothills: Sion
Altitude: Sea Level
Latitude: 19°0'2"N
Longitude: 72°51'37"E
Best time to visit: September to April {mosmap lat='19.046186'lon='72.867594'}
topHistory
Sion was the boundary between British-held Parel island and Portuguese held Salsette Island and the castle marked the northeast boundary of their possession. The fort was built between 1669 and 1677.
topAttractions
At the base of the hill is the branch office of the Archaeological Survey of India, and a garden – the Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Udyan. The fort is dilapidated and a collection of broken stone steps, scattered walls and ruins, overrun by trees and ground cover.
The fort wall has a small room on top with wooden trussed ceiling of old tree trunks. A series of pathways lead to it. The fort offers a panoramic view, overlooking the salt pans in the Thane Creek. However vandalism and apathy have taken toll on the structure.
topReaching there
- By Air -
The nearest Airport is Mumbai.
- By Rail -
Sion is the nearest rail head
- By Road -
Regular BEST buses available to reach Sion
topAccommodation
No accommodation in the fort.

Sinhagad

Previously called Kondhana, the fort's location has been strategically important since at least the 14th century and has been the site of many important battles. One of the more famous battles was the recapturing of the fort by Tanaji Malusare, a general for Shivaji, in March of 1670 in what has been called the Battle of Sinhagad. It was after this battle hat the Kondhana fort was renamed Sinhagad after Tanaji, whose nickname was 'the lion' (Sinha). Having spearheaded
the attack and fighting valiantly Tanaji's life was lost in capturing this important fort.
More recently, during the 20th century, Lokmanya Tilak, the Indian freedom fighter, built a bungalow atop the fort and Gandhiji is said to have asked for water from it whenever he was imprisoned in the nearby town of Pune.
Fact FileLocation: Fort located near the city of Pune, India.
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 220 km
Pune -28 km
Villages at Foothills: Atkarwadi, Khanapur, Kalyan
Altitude:4320 ft (1317 m)
Latitude: 18°21'56"N
Longitude: 73°45'20"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. (Best during the monsoon) {mosmap lat='18.3650'lon='73.7557'}
topHistory
The fort was referred to as"Kundhana" in a Persian sonnet viz. 'Shahanama-e-Hind'; which dates back to 1350 A.D. It was known as 'Kondhana' after Rishi Kondhinya. The Kundinyeshwar Temple, the caves and carvings, all indicate that the fort has been built 2000 years back.
Shivaji Maharaj's father Shahaji Raje, as Adilshah's commander was entrusted the control of Pune region. But Shivaji Maharaj refused to follow his father's footsteps and initiated the arduous task of setting up Swarajya. In a clever move he gained control over Kondhana in 1647. But in 1649, it had to be handed over to Adilshah in barter of Shahaji's feedom. Shivaji soon captured it back. Unfortunately a Mughal army chief Mirzaraje Jaisingh seighed Kondhana in 1665 and
conquered it. In 1670 Shivaji Maharaj reconqured the fort and it stayed with the Marathas till 1689, until Sambhaji's death. The Mughals then gain control. The Marathas again captured it in 1693. Rajaram Maharaj breath his last on Sinhagad on March 3, 1700. Aurangzeb conqured it 1703 and it was again taken by Marathas in 1707 until the British captured it in 1818. One of the important events associated with this fort is the legendary climb by Tanaji Malusare which
helped Marathas to conqure the fort on Feb 4, 1670. The fort since then came to be known as Sinhagad.
topAttractions
- Pune Darwaja: The inlet to the fort from the Pune side
- Rajaram Maharaj Samadhi: A beautiful monument erected in the memory of the great Maratha, Rajaram Maharaj.
- Wind point : A bastian where strong wind blows, especially in rains & winter. The appropriate place to experience the power present in the wind.
- Tanaji Cliff: The cliff which Tanaji climbed to fight with Udaybhan, the Moughal Sardar.
- Kalyan Darwaja: A well erected door, facing the Kalyan village.
- Dev Cristern : A store of water which tastes marvellously great & cold.
- Tanaji Malusare Memorial: A memorial erected to salute the bravery of the Veer Mavala Tanaji Malusare.
- Kondhaneshwar Temple
- Horse Stable: A place for the horses, beautifully hewn out of a rock.

- From Donje -
A well-constructed tar road leads to the top of the fort. People not interested in walking up to the top can follow this road if they have their own vehicle or even private vehicles like trax are available at Donje.
- From Atkarwadi -
Regular bus services are available from Shaniwarwada to Atkarwadi, the foot hills of Sinhagad. One can trek the fort form here in about 1.5 hrs.
- From Khanapur -
This route is for trekkers wanting to do something unique. Reach the Khanapur village by the Pune-Paanshet ST service
& trek the fort. You will directly reach the Wind point by this route.
- From Katraj -
A wonderful trek of about 18 km, starts from the Katraj Ghat tunnel & reaches the Sinhagad fort.
topBus Timings
Pune - Atkarwadi :0520 to 2030 (every hour) Atkarwadi - Pune : 0620 to 2130 (every hour)
topAccommodation
Gadkari's Inn & MTDC resorts are good places to stay.

Gorakhgad

Gorakhgad is a fort that can be done easily in a day, both from Mumbai and Pune. Though not famous for any historical events, Gorakhgad attracts trekkers due to its inviting pinnacles, which offer good opportunities for rock-climbing. This region of Gorakhgad and Machchindragad has a dense forest cover.
Fact File
Location: Karjat, Raigad
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - km
Pune - km
Villages at Foothills: Narivali, Mhasa
Altitude: 3223' (982 m)
Latitude: 19°11'32"N
Longitude: 73°32'23"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='19.191866'lon='73.540077'zoom=6}
topHistory Fort Gorakhgad is quite small in size. It was had strategic importance during the reign of Shahaji Raje. However, no major battle is recorded to have taken place here. It was used in Shivaji,s era to patrol the nearby region and was used as a stopover station during the journey to Junnar via Naneghat. Though small in size, there is enough availability water and a lot of space for accommodation. The fort gets its name from Saint Gorakhnath, who performed
his Sadhana (meditation) at this place.
topAttractions
Two cisterns can be seen just after emerging through the entrance and the path climbs up further ahead. Further, a small step-way descends down to the large caves that are carved out in the main rock of the pinnacle. Nature,s grandeur can be appreciated here with the magnificent view of two large frangipani trees leaning over the valley and the excellent sight of Machchindragad. There are in total fourteen cisterns on the fort, however, only the three tanks
near to the cave have potable water. The trek to Gorakhgad is not complete without reaching the top of the pinnacle. Facing the cave, proceed ahead towards your right. Just after a short walk some steps can be seen on your left, which lead to the top. The climb along this stepped way in the rock needs to be carried out with utmost care. The top of the fort is very small. There is a small Mahadeo temple with Nandi. A wide region ranging from Siddhagad and achchindragad
up to Ahupe Ghat and Jeevdhan in the Naneghat area towards north can be seen from the fort-top.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Mumbai is the nearest airport well connected by flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Karjat is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
Regular ST buses ply from Kalyan for Dehri - the base village.
topTrek Routes
- Ahupe Ghat Route (Grade : Easy) -
- Dehri Route (Grade : Easy) -
Right from Dehri village can be seen two prominent pinnacles. The smaller one is Machchindragad and bigger one is
Gorakhgad. It is possible to camp in the Vitthal temple in Dehri. Just behind this temple is a walkway that takes us to the
fort entrance, which is carved-out in the rock. This way one can reach the fort in about two hours.
- Siddhagad Route (Grade : Medium) -
It is also possible to reach Gorakhgad from Siddhagad. This trail through the dense forest is well known among trekkers and can be followed to combine the trek Siddhagad and Gorakhgad. To reach Siddhagad, one can travel from Murbad to
village Narivli that lies at its base. Stay on top of Siddhagad and start the descent early in the morning. One way going along the stream enters inside the forest. Proceed towards right on this way, which leads to a waterfall and then to a small plateau. This plateau has a small Mahadeo temple and two tombs. The way ahead from this point onwards is along a vertical rock-wall and hence enough care should be taken while walking. Thus we reach the entrance dug out from the
rock. It takes about three hours to reach Gorakhgad this way.
topAccommodation
With the right camping gear one can lodge at the Cave which can comfortably accommodate upto 25 people.

Shrimalanggad

Malanggad is built on a hill, which is situated around 16 Kms south of Kalyan. It lies to the North East of Badlapur and East of Mumbai and Saashti". Karanja and Uran to the North East and Bhor Ghat, Bhimashankar and Malshej to the East of Malanggad makes this region strategically important during times of war.

Location: Kalyan, Thane
Distance from major cities:
Mumbai - 75 km
Pune - 125 km
Villages at Foothills: Haji Malang
Altitude:2596' (791 m)
Latitude: 19°6'34"N
Longitude: 73°10'41"E
Best time to visit: Throughout the year. Best during the monsoon {mosmap lat='19.109325'lon='73.178301'}
topHistory Captain Ambigdon laid a siege of Malanggad in 1897. The Marathas usually lie low during the monsoons and do not like to fight. Knowing this quite well, he decided to plan an attack on this fort and on the complacent Marathas in the middle of heavy rains. He cut off the routes to the North East and the North as soon as the battle commenced. He decided to take the Peer (machi) first. Pandurang Ketkar, along with his 300 trusted Maratha soldiers were guarding it. Surprised by the attack, the Marathas could not defend themselves. Out of them 125 soldiers ran toward the Sone Machi. As there was no more space on the fort, the rest of them ran towards the Mamledar of Kalyan. To reach the top of the fort, Captain Ambigdon made his own way right from base of the fort to the Peer Machi. Nana Phadnis tried to break the siege to the fort, but could not succeed. Ambigdon brought and set up 3 cannons on the Peer Machi and started bombarding the Sone Machi from there. Because of the strategic positioning of the main entrance of the fort, the bombs did not reach it. The link to the outside world and the fort could not be enforced as the Marathas knew many secret routes and kept the communication channels open. The Fort Commander requested for help from Anandrao Dhulap and Kashi Pant, who sent 700 troops without personally coming for help. These troops, however, could not reach there.
Captain Ambigdon laid rope ladders and 250 of his troops reached the Peer Machi with the help of those ladders. The Marathas, however, drove these troops back by throwing rocks and stones on them. Ambigdon then removed the cannons from the Peer Machi. Taking this opportunity Gangadharrao replenished his ammunition and grain stores. Nana Phadnis then sent Balaji Vishwanath Pathak and Radhovishwanath Godbole with troops to break the siege. They, along
with their troops reached the village of Shirval, which is at the North of Malanggad. The Maratha troop was around 3000 strong. They tried to drive away the enemy but were not successful. On September 16, a division of Gardi soldiers marched across the Peer Machi. The British had to hurriedly clear the cannons due to this attack. Major Westfield sent some more enforcement to help Captain Ambigdon. This enforced army besieged the Maratha division b inging reinforcements into the fort. The guardian of he fort ha to face the shortage of food grains and other essential commodities. Some food grains rotted because of the rains and the
coffers started getting empty. Similarly, the Marathas had also broken down the supply lines of the English Army. Colonel Hartlane then secured the route going through Belapur, Panvel and Taloje. They then attacked the Maratha troops stationed at Shirval and drove them off. Now, the British Captain Carpenter led the second attack over Malanggad. He also started pounding the fort with cannon fire. Around 350 troops were waiting for a breach in the fortification to get into
the fort but Ketkar defended the fort with great strategy. There were many casualties in the English army and they stopped the attack. The English decided to bring the Marathas to surrender by laying a complete siege and starving them. After October, the condition in the fort became more critical. Gangadhar Karlekar could not send any support to the fort
from outside. In the end, Nana Phadnis took some sardars under his hand and gathered a massive army, which attacked Vasai and Malanggad. Nand Phadnis himself, along with Haripanth Phadke and the massive army came to Khandala and decided to go down towards Kalyan via the Rajmachi route. This strategy was to intimidate Hartlane and it
succeeded. Colonel Hartland immediately withdrew he siege of Malanggad fort and the Marathas could send ammunition and food to Malanggad, thus preventing the fall of the fort till the end.

topAttractions You should reach the other end of the Machi going straight along this route. From there a secret route leads to an ashram at a lower level. From there two routes lead to both the ends of the hill, in the North-South direction. One route goes to the village of Vavanje at the base. One can get an S.T. to go to Panvel from that village. If we take the route going north, further away, it divides into two. The bifurcation going straight circumambulates the fort
and reaches the entrance via a rock face, which looks like a Palanquin. The route going to the right goes down to the intersecting ridge between Malanggad and the Ganesh Karthik Pinnacles. From the Machi, we can reach the topmost portion of the fort by keeping the rock face to the right and going around it and reaching the steps cut on the rock face. After we cross the steps we see a cave and a water cistern. It is quite difficult to go ahead from this spot. Many rock cut
steps, after the initial 50-60 have collapsed and we can cross this expanse of rock face with the aid of an iron pipe, laid along this route. A rope has been fixed through this expanse as handhold. One can reach the top of the fort, in about 10 minutes after we cross this patch. The top expanse is quite small. One can see a construction without a roof. There are 7 water tanks dug out behind this structure. There is a wild fig tree in the middle of the topmost portion of the fort and one
can also see a bit of fortifications on this portion of the fort. The pinnacle of Devni is right ahead in front of the Balekilla". All pilgrims have a custom of throwing a stone from the fort to the Devni pinnacle. It is said that if the stone hits the Devni pinnacle, they will get their wishes fulfilled. If one looks from the East to the North East of this fort, we can see the regions of Gorakhgad, Rajmachi, Matheran, Peb, Irshal, Prabalgad, etc.
topReaching There
- By Air -
Mumbai is the nearest airport well connected by flights from all over.
- By Rail -
Kalyan is the nearest rail head.
- By Road -
Regular ST buses ply from Kalyan to Malanggad base.
topTrek Routes
Kalyan Route (Grade : Easy) - 30 min
One can reach the base of the fort by bus from Kalyan within half an hour. At the lower plateau of the Fort is the famous Dargah of Haji Malang. There are steps up to that point. There are also shops on the way. There is a big Shiva temple and a small temple of Devi. There is a lot of pilgrim activity up to this Dargah. Before the Dargah and between the shops, there is a route, which veers of to the right. There are houses and a well in that route. The route is along the ridge of the
hill and starts climbing to the right. You can reach the top vertical rock face after a climb of about 15-20 minutes.
topBus TimingsKalyan - Haji Malang : 0445 to 2145 (Every 30 min)
Haji Malang - Kalyan : 0500 to 2200 (Every 30 min)
topAccommodation
No shelter available atop the fort. But the fort can be trekked in 1 day and one can return to Kalyan or Mumbai for stay.